เรียนรู้คำศัพท์เกี่ยวกับภัยพิบัติทางธรรมชาติ แบบฝึกอ่านพร้อมเฉลย   

Natural disasters

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Thailand's prime minister warned her country that Bangkok, the capital, is facing unprecedented flooding following monsoon rains that have left at least 250 people dead elsewhere in the country.
The flooding, which has severed rail links with the north, shut dozens of highways and swamped ancient Buddhist temples in the city of Ayutthaya, has reached a crisis level, Prime Minister Yingluck Shinawatra said.
ที่มา : https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2011/10/08/thailand-bangkok-flooding.html

เหมาะสำหรับนักเรียนระดับชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 4-6
สาระที่ 3  ภาษากับความสัมพันธ์กับกลุ่มสาระการเรียนรู้อื่น
มาตรฐาน ต 3.1   ใช้ภาษาต่างประเทศในการเชื่อมโยงความรู้กับกลุ่มสาระการเรียนรู้อื่น และเป็นพื้นฐานในการพัฒนา  แสวงหาความรู้ และเปิดโลกทัศน์ของตน
ตัวชี้วัด ม.4-6/1 ค้นคว้า/สืบค้น บันทึก  สรุป  และแสดงความคิดเห็นเกี่ยวกับข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้องกับกลุ่มสาระการเรียนรู้อื่น จากแหล่งเรียนรู้ต่างๆ และนำเสนอด้วยการพูดและการเขียน

Earthquake-New Zealand, Earthquake & Tsunami-Australia, Japan

  Flood in Thailand

นำเข้าสู่บทเรียน
ดูสื่อ Flash เกี่ยวกับภัยธรรมชาติ

https://mrhardy.wikispaces.com/Natural+Disasters.swf

คำศัพท์ที่ควรรู้
ฝึกออกเสียงให้ถูกต้อง
https://www.learningchocolate.com/content/natural-disasters?st_lang=en
Ex.1

เฉลยRow 1 sandstorm, blizzard, drought, forest fire
                Row 2 flood, tidal wave, ,avalanche, hurricane  
                Row 3 tornado,mudslide, earthquake, volcanic eruption
Ex.2 
Matching: Natural Disasters
Match each of the words in Column A with a definition from Column B.
____ 1. drought         A. the act of making people leave a place because of danger
____ 2. mudslide       B. a place where people can sleep in an emergency
____ 3. emergency shelter    C. a big wave that can destroy towns near the sea
____ 4. flood             D. a disaster when there is no rain for a long time
____ 5. famine          E. a very bad snowstorm
____ 6. evacuation     F. a disaster when there is no food
____ 7. blizzard         G. a disaster in which snow and ice move quickly down a mountain
____ 8. tsunami         H. a lot of water
____ 9. aftershock     I. a disaster in which hills become too wet and the soil moves
____ 10. avalanche   J. a small earthquake after a larger one
เฉลย 1. D  2. I  3. B 4. H 5. F 6. A 7. E 8. C 9. J 10. G

Ex.3 
ให้นักเรียนศึกษาเพิ่มเติมจากอินเตอร์เน็ต เขียนแหล่งที่มา และตอบคำถามใน worksheet ข้างล่างนี้

NATURAL DISASTERS WORKSHEET

 Bushfires 

Q1.    Name three things that can trigger bushfires.

Q2.     What is the most common fire igniter in  remote bushland areas?

Q3.    What is an arsonist?

Q4.    What was the cause of the 1949 French bushfire?

Cyclones 

Q1.    What is a cyclone?

Q2.    Which way do the winds turn in a Hurricane?

Q3.    Where do cyclones develop?

Q4.    What is the calm at the centre of the storm called?

Q5.    Approximately how many tonnes of air per second are pumped out by a fully developed cyclone?

Q6.    What is the trigger for most Indian Ocean cyclones?

 Drought 

Q1.    How long can droughts last for in extreme cases?

Q2.    In 1982 how many percent of Australian sheep and cattle had died? 

Q3.    Name 2 kinds of drastic measures that may need to be taken in

severe case of drought. 

AFRICAN CASE STUDY

Q4.    How long did the Emperor of Ethiopia reign for? 

Q5.    What does the word sedentary mean? 

 Earthquakes 

Q1.    What causes earthquakes?

Q2.    What are the four main layers of the earth?

Q3.    What is the core mostly made of?

Q4.    Name the underground origin of an earthquake.

Q5.    Who compiled the Mercalli Scale?

Q6.    What  does the Richter Scale measure?

EARTHQUAKE IN CHILE

Q7.    What is another name for tremor?

Q8.    How high was the wave of earth?

Famine 

Q1.    Name at least 3 causes of Famine. 

Q2.    Name 2 first world countries and 2 third world countries. 

Q3.    In 1991 what was the cause of all the deaths in Southern Sudan (Africa)? 

Q4.  What do worms do to children in the third world countries?

FAMINE CASE STUDY

Q5. In Somalia what months does the rain fall in the two seasons? 

Q6. Who was the ruler of Ethiopia that is mentioned in the Ethiopian case study?  

 Floods 

Q1.    What do rising waters do to surrounding land? 

Q2.    How many stages are floods regarded as? 

Q3.    What does the Nile river bring from up the river?  

Tornadoes 

 Q1.    What is a tornado commonly known as? 

Q2.    How do Tornadoes form?

Q3.    In what season do tornadoes occur? 

Q4.    How many hours did it take the Super-Outbreak-148 in 1974?

Tsunamis 

Q1.    Why is the name tidal wave inappropriate for a tsunami?

Q2.    How high can a tsunami grow to?

Q3.    What are the three major causes of tsunamis?

Q4.    Where do most tsunamis occur?

Q5.    Where does a tsunami warning system now operate?

Volcanoes 

Q1.    What is the name given to plates diving beneath one another?

Q2.    Where do volcanoes occur?

Q3.    What formed the Hawaiian Island  chain?

Q4.    What is a Lahar?

THE ERUPTION OF KRAKATOA

Q5.    When did Krakatoa start erupting?

Q6.    What other disaster made the death toll so high?

ANSWER SHEET 

 Bushfires

Q1.    Dry weather, high temperatures, flammable vegetation, arson, lightning.

Q2.    Lightning

Q3.    A person who deliberately lights fires.

Q4.    Dry conditions (after a year of drought)

 

Cyclones

Q1.    Cyclones are huge revolving storms, caused by winds blowing around a central area of low atmospheric pressure.

Q2.    In an anti-clockwise circle.

Q3.    Over warm seas near the equator.

Q4.    The eye.

Q5.    2 million tonnes of air per second.

Q6.    Thunderstorms in the equatorial trough.

Drought

Q1.    Several years.

Q2.    60%

Q3.    Never washing your car, one shower per day.

Q4.    40 years.

Q5.    To want or have the need of a sitting occupation.

 Earthquakes

Q1.    Tension being released from the rocks in the earth’s crust.

Q2.    Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core.

Q3.    Iron.

Q4.    Focus.

Q5.    Guiseppe Mercalli.

Q6.    The strength or intensity of the shock waves produced.

Q7.    Tremblor. Q8.    1 foot.

 Famine

Q1.    Natural Disasters, overpopulated areas, poor quality of health facilities, low aid  from other countries, governments have poor management of resources

Q2.    Japan, USA, Great Britain, France, Australia, Ethiopia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Sudan, Africa

Q3.    Epidemic of meningitis

Q4.    Bloated stomachs, make immunity low

Q5.    March – May and September – December

Q6.    Haile Selassie

 Floods

Q1.    Flows after or breaks between banks to waterways causing the surrounding land to be flooded

Q2.    3

Q3.    Silt

Tornadoes

Q1.    Twister

Q2.    When two masses of different humidity meet.

Q3.    Early Spring

Q4.    21 hours

Tsunamis

Q1.    Nothing to do with the tide, more than one wave.

Q2.    85 metres

Q3.    Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Landslides

Q4.    The Pacific Ocean

Q5.    Pacific

 

Volcanoes

Q1.    Subduction

Q2.    Along the edges of plates

Q3.    A hotspot

Q4.    A mud flow

Q5.    May 20, 1883

Q6.    The following Tsunami

 Ex.3 

Multiple Choice
Select the definition that most nearly defines the given word.

1. Richer Scale
A. a numerical scale used to measure the magnitude or energy release of an earthquake.
B. the thickest layer of Earth that is below the crust.

2. tsunami
A. a series of large waves that is caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption. These waves can travel as fast as 950 km per hour!
B. a scale that measures the damage caused by an earthquake at different locations.

3. magnitude
A. a measure of the energy released by an earthquake.
B. a dangerous windstorm produced by a funnel-shaped cloud with winds of up to 300 miles an hour.

4. flood
A. a large amount of water that flows over normally dry land.
B. a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden release of energy in Earth's crust.

5. Fujita Scale
A. a standard scale for rating the severity of a tornado by the damage it causes.
B. a large amount of water that flows over normally dry land.

6. earthquake
A. a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden release of energy in Earth's crust.
B. a numerical scale used to measure the magnitude or energy release of an earthquake.

7. volcano
A. a measure of the energy released by an earthquake.
B. a mountain that forms when hot melted rock flows through a crack onto the surface of Earth.

8. hurricane
A. a series of large waves that is caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic eruption. These waves can travel as fast as 950 km per hour!
B. a strong tropical cyclone with wind speeds that are at least 74 miles an hour and a calm center; these usually produce a lot of rain

9. wildfire
A. the outer layer of Earth that we walk on.
B. a fire burning out of control in a wildness or a rural area.

10. plate
A. a large slab of Earth's crust and upper mantle.
B. a mountain that forms when hot melted rock flows through a crack onto the surface of Earth.

11. Each of the following scales are used to measure the damage after a natural disaster hits, EXCEPT ______.
A. The Modified Mercalli Scale
B. The Saffir-Simpson Scale
C. The Fujita Scale
D. The Volcanic Explosivity Index

12. In the western Pacific, hurricanes are called "typhoons", and similar storms in the Indian Ocean are called "cyclones."
A. False
B. True

13. The size of which natural disaster is NOT necessarily an indication of its intensity?
A. A tornado
B. A hurricane
C. An earthquake
D. All of the above
E. A or B

14. Thunderstorms usually form in the warm air ahead of a cold front.
A. False
B. True

15. Tsunamis are different from tidal waves in that ______.
A. Tsunami waves are deep-water waves with short wavelengths
B. Tsunami waves are deep-water waves with long wavelengths
C. Tsunami waves are shallow-water waves with long wavelengths
D. Tsunami waves are shallow-water waves with short wavelengths

16. Which natural force(s) can cause rapid change to the shape of the land?
A. Earthquakes
B. Volcanoes
C. Floods
D. All of the above

17. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is a federal agency in charge of
helping people before, during, and after a disaster. Which Executive Department is
FEMA part of?
A. Department of Homeland Security
B. Department of Housing and Urban Development
C. Office of Emergency Management
D. Department of State

18. What causes a landslide?
A. Earthquakes
B. Volcanic eruptions
C. Severe thunderstorms
D. All of the above

19. Which statement is NOT true about severe storms?
A. Lightning can occur within cloud, cloud to cloud, or cloud to ground.
B. Thunderstorms form in cumulonimbus clouds.
C. You should avoid using a telephone during a thunderstorm because electricity can
travel through phone lines.
D. Hurricanes are most likely to form when there are big differences in the air masses.

20. Every thunderstorm produces lightning
A. True
B. False

Answer Key 

1. A  2. A 3. A  4. A 5. A  6. A 7. B  8. B  9. B 10. A
11. (B) 12. (B) 13. (E) 14. (B) 15. (C)
16. (D) 17. (A) 18. (D) 19. (D) 20. (A)

คำถามนำเข้าสู่บทเรียน

1. Is your house flooded?

2. Can you tell your friends about the situation?

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