Igloo

สาระการเรียนรู้ภาษาต่างประเทศ ช่วงชั้นที่ 4
มาตรฐาน ต 3.1  ใช้ภาษาต่างประเทศในการเชื่อมโยงความรู้กับกลุ่มสาระ
                         การเรียนรู้อื่น  และเป็นพื้นฐานในการพัฒนา แสวงหาความรู้
                         และเปิดโลกทัศน์ของตน

                                               Igloo
      An igloo or snowhouse is a type of shelter built out of snow, originally built by the Inuit. Iglu is the Inuit word for a house or home built out of any material, and is not restricted exclusively to snowhouses, but includes traditional tents, sod houses, homes constructed of driftwood and modern buildings. Outside of Inuit society, however, "igloo" refers exclusively to shelters constructed out of blocks of compacted snow, generally in the form of a dome.
     Igloos were predominantly constructed by people of Canada's Central Arctic and Greenland's Thule area. Other Inuit people tended to use snow to insulate their houses, which were constructed from whalebone and hides. Snow is used because the air pockets trapped in it make it an insulator. On the outside, temperatures may be as low as −45 °C (−49 °F), but on the inside the temperature may range from −7 °C (19 °F) to 16 °C (61 °F) when warmed by body heat alone.
       There are three traditional types of igloos, all of different sizes and all used for different purposes.
       The smallest was constructed as a temporary shelter, usually only used for one or two nights. These were built and used during hunting trips, often on open sea ice.
       The next in size was the semi-permanent, intermediate-sized family dwelling. This was usually a single room dwelling that housed one or two families. Often there were several of these in a small area, which formed an Inuit village.
     The largest of the igloos was normally built in groups of two. One of the buildings was a temporary structure built for special occasions, the other built nearby for living. These might have had up to five rooms and housed up to 20 people. A large igloo might have been constructed from several smaller igloos attached by their tunnels, giving common access to the outside. These were used to hold community feasts and traditional dances.

Vocabulary :
shelter (n)                          a building designed to give protection from bad 
                                           weather, danger or attack
restricted(adj.)                    limited, especially by official rules, laws, etc
exclusively (adv.)               only
sod (n)                               SPECIALIZED a rectangular piece which has 
                                           been cut from an area of grass 
driftwood (n)                       wood which is floating on the sea or brought 
                                           onto  the beach by the sea
compact (v)                        to press something together in a tight and solid 
                                           way  
predominantly (adv.)           mostly or mainly
insulate (v)                          to cover and surround something with a material 
                                            or substance in order to stop heat, sound or    
                                            electricity from escaping or entering
range (v)                             to have an upper and a lower limit in amount, 
                                            number, etc
dwelling (n)                          a house or place to live in
tunnel (n)                             a long passage under or through the ground, 
                                            especially one made by people
access (n)                           the method or possibility of getting near to a  
                                            place or person, or the right to use or look at 
                                             something
feast (n)                               a day on which a religious event or person is 
                                            remembered and celebrated
  

Questions for discussing  ( คำถามเพื่ออภิปราย )
แสดงความคิดเห็นเกี่ยวกับความเป็นอยู่ของชาวเอสกิโม

Follow up activity (กิจกรรมเสนอแนะ )
นักเรียนศึกษาความรู้เพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับ ที่อยู่อาศัยแบบแปลกๆของชาติต่างๆ

การบูรณาการ : สาระการเรียนรู้สังคมศึกษา ฯ

แหล่งที่มาของข้อมูล : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igloo
                                 https://dictionary.cambridge.org
ที่มา : https://www.sahavicha.com/?name=knowledge&file=readknowledge&id=3442