ลิฟท์....มีความเป็นมาอย่างไร
สาระการเรียนรู้ภาษาต่างประเทศ ช่วงชั้นที่ 4
มาตรฐาน ต 3.1 ใช้ภาษาต่างประเทศในการเชื่อมโยงความรู้กับกลุ่มสาระ
การเรียนรู้อื่น และเป็นพื้นฐานในการพัฒนา แสวงหาความรู้
และเปิดโลกทัศน์ของตน
Lift
The Roman architect Vitruvius reported that Archimedes built his first elevator probably in 236 BC. In some literary sources of later historical periods, elevators were mentioned as cabs on a hemp rope and powered by hand or by animals. In 1000, the Book of Secrets by Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in Islamic Spain described the use of an elevator-like lifting device, in order to raise a large battering ram to destroy a fortress. In the 17th century the prototypes of elevators were located in the palace buildings of England and France. The invention of another system. based on the screw drive, was perhaps the most important step in elevator technology since ancient times, which finally led to the creation of modern passenger elevators.
The first hydraulic elevators used a plunger below the car to raise or lower the elevator. The elevator also used a system of counter-balancing so that the plunger did not have to lift the entire weight of the elevator and its load. The plunger, however, was not practical for tall buildings, because it required a pit as deep below the building as the building was tall. Later a rope-geared elevator with multiple pulleys was developed.
The first electric elevator was built by Werner von Siemens in 1880. The safety and speed of electric elevators were significantly enhanced by Frank Sprague. In 1874, J.W. Meaker patented a method which permitted elevator doors to open and close safely.
Vocabulary :
literary (adj.) connected with literature
prototype (n) the first example of something
hemp (n) a family of plants, some of which are used to make
rope and strong rough cloth
battering ram (n) a long heavy pole which was used by armies in the
past to break down especially castle doors
hydraulic (n) operated by or involving the pressure of water or
some other liquid
plunger (n) a part of a device which you push down into it
significantly (adv.) in a way that is easy to see
patent (v) make or sell an invention for
a particular number of years
Questions for discussing ( คำถามเพื่ออภิปราย )
ประโยชน์และโทษของการใช้ลิฟท์มีอะไรบ้าง
Follow up activity (กิจกรรมเสนอแนะ )
แลกเปลี่ยนประสบการณ์เกี่ยวกับปัญหาในการใช้ลิฟท์
การบูรณาการ: สาระการเรียนรู้สังคมศึกษา ฯ
แหล่งที่มาของข้อมูล : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elevator
https://dictionary.cambridge.org.
ที่มา : https://www.sahavicha.com/?name=knowledge&file=readknowledge&id=3449